programming python

Pickle trong Python

Nói chung, việc chọn một 

>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
4 sẽ không thành công trừ khi bạn chỉ có các đối tượng đơn giản trong đó, như chuỗi và số nguyên

Nội dung chính Hiển thị

  • Các chức năng được sử dụng
  • Lưu một biến
  • Đang tải một biến.  
  • Làm thế nào để bạn tiết kiệm mọi thứ với dưa chua?
  • Làm thế nào để bạn tải dữ liệu trong dưa chua?
  • Làm cách nào để lưu một lệnh trong dưa chua?
  • Bạn có thể chọn từ điển?

Python 2.7.9 [default, Dec 11 2014, 01:21:43] 
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple Clang 4.1 [[tags/Apple/clang-421.11.66]]] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from numpy import *
>>> type[globals[]]     

>>> import pickle
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[globals[]]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 306, in save
    rv = reduce[self.proto]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/copy_reg.py", line 70, in _reduce_ex
    raise TypeError, "can't pickle %s objects" % base.__name__
TypeError: can't pickle module objects
>>>

Ngay cả một 

>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
4 thực sự đơn giản cũng thường thất bại. Nó chỉ phụ thuộc vào nội dung

>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.

Tuy nhiên, nếu bạn sử dụng bộ sắp xếp thứ tự tốt hơn như 

>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
6 hoặc 
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
7, thì hầu hết các từ điển đều có thể bị lỗi

>>> import dill
>>> pik = dill.dumps[d]

Hoặc nếu bạn muốn lưu 

>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
4 của mình vào một tệp

>>> with open['save.pik', 'w'] as f:
..   dill.dump[globals[], f]
..

Ví dụ sau giống hệt với bất kỳ câu trả lời hay nào khác được đăng ở đây [ngoài việc bỏ qua tính dễ chọn của nội dung của 

>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
4 là tốt]

Tuần tự hóa là một kỹ thuật được sử dụng để lưu trạng thái của một đối tượng từ bất kỳ quy trình nào. Sau này chúng ta có thể sử dụng trạng thái này bằng cách khử lưu huỳnh, để tiếp tục quá trình. Pickle là một mô-đun python giúp dễ dàng tuần tự hóa hoặc lưu các biến và tải chúng khi cần. Không giống như tuần tự hóa JSON, Pickle chuyển đổi đối tượng thành chuỗi nhị phân. JSON dành riêng cho văn bản, nhưng Pickle dành riêng cho python và nó có thể tuần tự hóa các lớp tùy chỉnh mà JSON không thể tuần tự hóa. Do tính năng này, nó được sử dụng nhiều trong các mô hình học máy đào tạo. Bài viết này thảo luận về cách lưu và tải các biến trong python bằng cách sử dụng dưa chua

Các chức năng được sử dụng

  • Trong python, phương thức dumps[] được sử dụng để lưu các biến vào tệp dưa chua

cú pháp

dưa chua. kết xuất [obj, giao thức = Không, *, fix_imports = True, buffer_callback = Không]

  • Trong python, tải[] được sử dụng để tải dữ liệu đã lưu từ tệp đã chọn

cú pháp

dưa chua. tải [dữ liệu, /, *, fix_imports=True, mã hóa=”ASCII”, lỗi=”nghiêm ngặt”, bộ đệm=Không]

Lưu một biến

  • Phương pháp 1. Truyền biến

Trong phương thức dumps[], chúng ta có thể truyền biến và nó sẽ trả về cho chúng ta chuỗi nhị phân cho cùng một. Sau đó, chúng tôi có thể truyền nó sang các mô-đun python khác hoặc lưu trong cơ sở dữ liệu

Ví dụ

Python3

>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
0 
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
1

>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
2
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
3 
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
4
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
5
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
6
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
7
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
8
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
9
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
6
>>> import dill
>>> pik = dill.dumps[d]
1
>>> import dill
>>> pik = dill.dumps[d]
2
>>> import dill
>>> pik = dill.dumps[d]
3
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
8

>>> import dill
>>> pik = dill.dumps[d]
5
>>> import dill
>>> pik = dill.dumps[d]
6
>>> import dill
>>> pik = dill.dumps[d]
7
>>> import dill
>>> pik = dill.dumps[d]
8
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
8
>>> with open['save.pik', 'w'] as f:
..   dill.dump[globals[], f]
..
0
>>> with open['save.pik', 'w'] as f:
..   dill.dump[globals[], f]
..
1

>>> with open['save.pik', 'w'] as f:
..   dill.dump[globals[], f]
..
2____13 
>>> with open['save.pik', 'w'] as f:
..   dill.dump[globals[], f]
..
4

>>> with open['save.pik', 'w'] as f:
..   dill.dump[globals[], f]
..
5
>>> with open['save.pik', 'w'] as f:
..   dill.dump[globals[], f]
..
6

đầu ra

b'\x80\x04\x95K\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00]\x94[}\x94[\x8c\x04This\x94\x8c\x02is\x94\x8c\x07Example\x94K\x01u . ’

  • Phương pháp 2. Chúng ta có thể trực tiếp lưu biến trong một tệp

Ví dụ

Python3

>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
0 
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
1

>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
2
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
3 
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
4
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
5
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
6
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
7
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
8
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
9
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
6
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
48
>>> import dill
>>> pik = dill.dumps[d]
2
>>> import dill
>>> pik = dill.dumps[d]
3
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
8

>>> import dill
>>> pik = dill.dumps[d]
5
>>> import dill
>>> pik = dill.dumps[d]
6
>>> import dill
>>> pik = dill.dumps[d]
7
>>> import dill
>>> pik = dill.dumps[d]
8
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
8
>>> with open['save.pik', 'w'] as f:
..   dill.dump[globals[], f]
..
0
>>> with open['save.pik', 'w'] as f:
..   dill.dump[globals[], f]
..
1

>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
49
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
60_______561
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
62
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
8
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
64____565
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
66
>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
6

_______568____569____566

>>> d = {'x': lambda x:x}
>>> pik = pickle.dumps[d]
Traceback [most recent call last]:
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 1374, in dumps
    Pickler[file, protocol].dump[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 224, in dump
    self.save[obj]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 649, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems[obj.iteritems[]]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 663, in _batch_setitems
    save[v]
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 286, in save
    f[self, obj] # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/pickle.py", line 748, in save_global
    [obj, module, name]]
pickle.PicklingError: Can't pickle : it's not found as __main__.
71

Đang tải một biến.  

  • Phương pháp 1.  

Phương thức loading[] lấy một chuỗi nhị phân và trả về biến tương ứng. Nếu chuỗi không hợp lệ, nó sẽ ném PickleError

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