Bài tập mệnh de trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian

ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF TIME
MỆNH ĐỀ TRẠNG TỪ CHỈ THỜI GIAN

Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian [adverbial clauses of time] là những mệnh đề bắt đầu bằng các liên từ chỉ thời gian như: when [khi, vào lúc], while, as [trong khi], until, till [cho đến khi], as soon as, once [ngay khi], before, by the time [trước khi], after [sau khi], as long as , so long as [chừng nào mà], since [từ khi] ...

Ví dụ:
- When we were in New York, we saw several plays.
- Ill phone you as soon as I get back from work.
- We stayed there until it stopped raining.

* Lưu ý: Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian có thể đứng đầu hoặc cuối câu. Nếu mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian đứng ở đầu câu sẽ ngăn cách với mệnh đề chính bằng dấu phẩy [comma].

* Cách diễn đạt thời tương lai trong các mệnh đề thời gian:

Ví dụ:
-Bob will come soon. When Bob comes, we will see him.
- Linda is going to leave soon. Before she leaves, she is going to finish her work.
- Well be able to leave for the airport as soon as the taxi arrives.
- Ill wait here until they come back.

Lưu ý: Trong các mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian với ý nghĩa tương lai chúng ta không dùng thì tương lai đơn [will] hoặc be going to mà chỉ dùng thì hiện tại đơn [simple present] hoặc thì hiện tại hoàn [present perfect] khi muốn nhấn mạnh đến sự hoàn thành của hành động trước khi một hành động khác xảy ra.

Ví dụ:
-Ill go to bed after I finish my homework.
- Ill go to bed after I have finished my homework.

*Cách diễn đạt thời quá khứ trong các mệnh đề thời gian:

Ví dụ:
-She said goodbye before she left.
- I started school when I was six.
- We stayed there until we finished work.
- My mother went home after she finished work at the office.
- My mother went home as soon as she finished work at the office.

Ví dụ:
- The telephone rang while we were having dinner.
- As I was walking home, it began to rain.
- I was cooking dinner while my husband was reading a book.
- He was talking on the phone when I arrived.

Ví dụ:
-We havent met each other since we left school.
- I have played the piano since I was a child.

Ví dụ:
-She got a job after she had graduated from university.
- She got a job as soon as she had graduated from university.
- She had left before he came.
- By the time he arrived, we had already finished work.