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Nursing Assisting: A Foundation in Caregiving by DianaL.Dugan, RN Fifth
Terms in this set [33]
What is the difference between verbal and nonverbal communication?
Verbal communication- communication that involves spoken or written words, or sounds.
Nonverbal
communication- communication without using words, instead using gestures or facial expressions to communicate.
What are the steps of the communication process between two people?
1. Person A - is sending out a form of communication
Person B - is receiving communication from Person A
2. Person B- gives feedback to Person A, a response either verbal or nonverbal to Person A
Person A- receives
feedback/response from Person B
Describe how body language can be perceived
Body language can be positive or negative. Body language communicates how a person is feeling conscientiously or subconsciously.
List examples of positive nonverbal communication
•Smiling in a friendly manner
•Leaning forward to listen
•Nodding
while a person is speaking
•With permission, putting your hand over a resident's hand
List examples of negative nonverbal communication
•Rolling eyes
•Crossing arms in front of the body
•Tapping feet
•Pointing at someone while speaking
List the guidelines for proper communication
•Use appropriate words.
•Be aware
of your body language.
•Use a friendly and professional tone of voice.
•Wait for responses and let pauses happen.
•Practice active listening.
•Use mostly facts when communicating.
List explains of barriers to communication
•Resident does not hear, does not hear correctly, or does not understand.
•Resident is difficult to understand.
•NA, resident, or others use words that are not
understood.
•NA uses slang or profanity.
•NA uses clichés.
•NA responds with "Why?"
•NA gives advice.
•NA asks questions that only require yes/no answers.
•Resident speaks a different language.
•NA or resident uses nonverbal communication, can be misinterpreted
List ways culture can impact communication
The following aspects of communication are influenced by culture and are important to understand when caring for residents:
•Eye contact
•Touch
•Language
Touch is an important way to communicate, and there are differences among cultures and among individual personalities regarding a person's comfort level with touch.
List examples of acceptable touch
•Giving residents respectful personal care, such as bathing, dressing, feeding, and shaving
•Hugging, if the resident permits
or asks for it
•Holding a resident's hand when asked
List examples of unacceptable touch
•Sitting on a resident's lap or asking a resident to sit on your lap
•Kissing a resident
•Hugging a resident who pulls away
•Inappropriately touching or rubbing against a resident or staff member
List the different people a nursing assistant communicates with on the job
•Doctors, nurses, supervisors, and other staff members
•Other departments
•Residents
•Families and visitors
•The community
Why are abbreviations used in healthcare?
Abbreviations help healthcare workers communicate more efficiently, and many abbreviations are used in healthcare. Two examples of a common medical abbreviations are BP for blood pressure and temp for temperature.
What are the numerical differences between military time and regular time?
Military time: 00-24
Regular time:1-12
To change from regular time to military time add 12 to the time between 1:00 PM and 11:59 AM
To change from military time to regular time subtract 12
•Midnight in military time may be written as 0000 or 2400; follow facility policy.
military time
24 hour clock
What information does a residents' chart include?
•Admission forms
•Resident's history and results of exams
•Care plans
•Doctor's orders and progress notes
•Nursing assessments
•Notes from nurses and other specialists
•Flow sheets
•Graphic record
•Intake and output record
•Consent forms
•Lab and test results
•Surgery
reports
•Advance directives
List the guidelines for accurate documentation
•Keep all information confidential.
•Document care immediately after it is given. Never document care before it is given.
•Use black ink when documenting by hand.
•Sign each note you make.
•Use only facts when documenting.
•If an error is made, draw one line through it and initial it and write the date. Write the correct
information.
•Use only your facility's accepted abbreviations and terms.
•Use comparisons to describe size.
List the general rules to remember when using computers for documentation
•Do not share your password or log-in ID with anyone.
•Do not access personal e-mail or inappropriate websites from work.
•Log off and/or exit the web browser when done with charting or using the computer.
•Be careful
about who can see PHI on the screen, as HIPAA guidelines apply to computer use.
Who developed the Minimum Data Set [MDS] manual and what does it do?
The Minimum Data Set [MDS] manual is an assessment tool developed by the federal government. It gives long-term care facilities a structured, standardized approach to care.
List of facts about Minimum Data Set [MDS]
•Assessment tool developed by the federal government
•Detailed form for assessing residents
•Details what to do if problems are identified
•Completed for each resident within 14 days of admission and again each year
•Must be reviewed every 3 months
•New MDS is completed when there is any major change in resident's condition
Why are nursing assistants in the best position to observe changes in the resident?
Nursing assistants spend more time with residents than any other care team members do. Because they spend the most time with residents, they are in the best position to observe changes in residents.
Why are observations important?
The care plan that nurses create for residents is based on information observed and reported by nursing assistants and other staff members.
What are the differences between objective observations and subjective observations?
Objective information is information based on what you see, hear, touch, or smell; it is collected using four of the five senses: sight, hearing, smell, and touch. It is also called signs.
Subjective information is information collected from something that residents or their families reported to you, and it may or may not be accurate. It is also called symptoms.
List other ways [besides objective and subjective] to observe residents accurately.
•Note changes in orientation.
•Check vital signs.
•Report any changes in ability.
•Report other important changes, such as appetite, ability to go to the bathroom, and mood.
What signs and symptoms should be reported right away?
•Falls
•Wheezing
•Difficulty breathing
•Chest pain and pressure
•Pain in calf of leg
•Blurred vision
•Slurred speech
•Vomiting
•Sudden limp or change in ability to walk
•Numbness or loss of feeling in one side of body or in arms or legs
•Abdominal pain
•Change in vital signs
•Severe headache
What are the five steps of the nursing process?
•Assessment
•Diagnosis
•Planning
•Implementation
•Evaluation
What events within a facility are considered incidents?
•An accident or problem during the course of care
•An error in care
•A fall or injury to a resident or staff member
•An accusation against staff members
What steps should an NA follow when filling out an incident report?
•Include exactly what she saw
•State the time and
the mental and physical condition of the person
•Describe the person's reaction to the incident
•State the facts; the NA should not give her opinion
•Not include "Incident report filed" in the resident's medical record
•Not make any photocopies of the incident report
What guidelines should be followed for proper telephone etiquette?
Cheerfully greet callers.
Identify your facility, yourself, and
your position.
Listen closely to the caller's request and write down any messages.
Get a telephone number if needed.
Thank the caller and say "Goodbye."
What are the rules for general telephone use?
•Do not give out staff or resident information over the phone.
•Ask before placing a caller on hold.
•Ask for training to transfer calls.
•Follow facility policy regarding personal phone calls and
cell phone use.
Describe the resident call system
Residents signal staff that they need them by using the call system.
Other terms for this system are signal light, or call light.
This system allows residents to call for help when needed.
What are the guidelines for start-of-shift reports?
•Arrive on time.
•Listen
for your assignment and for information about all residents in your area.
•Listen carefully to information from the prior shift.
•Ask any questions you have about your residents.
List the information found on an assignment sheet
An assignment sheet lists residents and all of the tasks that must be done for them.
The following information is typically found on an assignment sheet:
•Residents' names
and room numbers
•Medical diagnosis
•Code status
•Activity level
•Range of motion [ROM] exercises
•Bathing information
•Diet orders
•Fluid orders
•Bowel and bladder information
•How often to measure vital signs
•Treatments to be performed
•Tests and procedures to be performed
What are some tips for organization and time management?
•Plan ahead.
•Prioritize.
•Make a
schedule.
•Combine activities.
•Get help when needed.
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