Câu so sánh trong tiếng anh trường hợp đặc biệt năm 2024
– Tính/ trạng từ kết thúc bằng chữ “e” thì chỉ thêm “r” (với so sánh hơn) hoặc “st” (với so sánh nhất) Show Ví dụ: Large → larger → largest – Tính/ trạng từ kết thúc bằng 1 nguyên âm + 1 phụ âm thì phải nhân đôi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm -er/-est Ví dụ: Big → bigger → biggest Hot → hotter → hottest – Tính từ kết thúc bằng “y” thì phải chuyển “y” thành “i” rồi thêm “er” hoặc “est“ Ví dụ: Pretty → Prettier → Prettiest Weary → Wearier → Weariest – Với tính từ có 2 âm tiết nhưng kết thúc bằng “y, ow, er, et, el” vẫn áp dụng công thức so sánh của tính từ ngắn Ví dụ: Narrow → narrower → narrowest Happy → happier → happiest Quiet → quieter → quietest Clever → cleverer → cleverest – Đặc biệt có một số trạng từ chỉ có một âm tiết (đa số trạng từ có hai âm tiết) thì vẫn chia các từ này theo công thức so sánh hơn / so sánh nhất đối với trạng từ ngắn. Ví dụ: Fast (Adv) Nhanh → Faster/Fastest Hard (Adv) hết sức, cứng rắn → Harder/Fastest
I’m more interested in music than sport. (Tôi thích âm nhạc hơn là thể thao) Big cars that use a lot of petrol are less popular now than twenty years ago. (Ngày nay Xe lớn sử dụng nhiều xăng ít phổ biến hơn so với 20 năm trước)
S + V + the most + Long Adj/Adv Ví dụ: The most frightening film I’ve ever seen was Alfred Hitchcock’s ‘Psycho’. (Bộ phim đáng sợ nhất tôi từng xem là Alfred Hitchcock’s ‘Psycho’) What is the least expensive way of travelling in Japan? (Đâu là cách du lịch Nhật bản tiết kiệm nhất (ít đắt đỏ nhất)?)
Tính/ Trạng từ So sánh hơn Nghĩa So sánh nhất Nghĩa Good/ well Better Tốt hơn The best Tốt nhất Bad/ badly Worse Tệ hơn The worst Tệ nhất Little Less Ít hơn The least Ít nhất Much/ many More Nhiều hơn The most Nhiều nhất Far Farther/ Further Xa hơn The farthest/ the furthest Xa nhất 2. So sánh bằng
S + V + as + Adj/Adv + as + N/Pronoun/Clause Ví dụ: He’s grown so much. He’s as tall as his father now. (adj + noun phrase) (Anh ấy lớn lên nhiều. Giờ anh ấy cao như bố anh ấy vậy) The company is not performing as successfully as it did when Arthur Carling was the President. (adv + clause) (Công ty vận hành không thành công như thời Arthur Carling là chủ tịch) The team is still as good as it was five years ago. (adj + clause) (Nhóm vẫn tốt như 5 năm về trước)
S + V + as many + Plural noun + as + Noun/ Pronoun/Clause Ví dụ: She had as much work as she needed and did not want to take on any more. There are as many students in Class 2A as there are in 2B. .png) 1. So sánh kém
S + V + less + Adj/Adv + than + Noun/Pronoun \= S + V + not as + Adj/Adv + as + noun/pronoun Ví dụ: The second method was less complicated than the first one. (Phương án thứ 2 ít phức tạp hơn phương án đầu tiên) This new laptop is not as fast as my old one. I’m sorry I bought it now. (preferred to is less fast than my old one.) (Chiếc máy tính xách tay mới này không nhanh như cái cũ của tôi).
S + V + fewer + Plural noun + than + Noun/Pronoun Ví dụ: She has fewer pairs of shoes than her sister (Cô ấy có ít đôi giày hơn chị cô ấy)
S + V + less + Uncountable noun + than + Noun/Pronoun/Clause Ví dụ: This motorbike comsumes less petrol than your car (Chiếc xe máy này dùng ít dầu hơn xe ô tô của bạn)
S + V + the least + Adj/Adv + Noun/ Pronoun/ Clause Ví dụ: Alan was the one who had the least trees in the competition. (Alan là người có ít cây nhất trong cuộc thi) 2. So sánh kép
Adj/adv-er + and + Adj/Adv-er S + V or S + V more and more Adj/Adv Ví dụ: The office is getting hotter and hotter More and more people complain about the quality of the water system
The + Adj/adv-er + S + V, The + Adj/adv-er + S + V Ví dụ: The fatter he gets, the shorter he is
The + Adj so sánh hơn 1 + S2 + V2, the + Adj so sánh hơn 2 + S2 + V2 e.g. The harder you study, the better the result is. (Bạn càng học hành chăm chỉ, kết quả càng cao.) The more generous you are, the more loved you are. (Anh càng rộng lượng thì anh càng được yêu thương.)3. Các từ bổ trợ cho so sánhMuch Far A bit/ a little A lot Ví dụ: This program is far more attractive than the previous year’s one. So sánh bội số S + V + Twice, three times… + as + much/ many/ Adj/ Adv + as + Noun Ví dụ: This building has twice as many floors as my building. III. BÀI LUYỆN TẬP CÁC CẤU TRÚC SO SÁNH TRONG TIẾNG ANHBài 1: Chọn đáp án đúng để điền vào chỗ trống trong các câu sau: 1. She is ……. singer I’ve ever met.
2. Mary is ……. responsible as Peter.
3. It is ……. in the city than it is in the country.
4. She sings ……….. among the singers I have known.
5. She is ……. student in my class.
6. The English test was ……. than I thought it would be.
7. English is thought to be ……. than Math.
8. Jupiter is ……. planet in the solar system.
9. She runs …… in my class.
10. My house is ……. hers.
11. Her office is ……. away than mine.
12. Tom is ……. than David.
13. He did the test ……….. I did.
14. A boat is ……. than a plane.
15. My new sofa is ……. than the old one.
Bài 2: Điền vào chỗ trống dạng so sánh đúng của từ trong ngoặc. 1. He is (clever) ……………………. student in my group. 2. She can’t stay (long) …………………….than 30 minutes. 3. It’s (good) ……………………. holiday I’ve had. 4. Well, the place looks (clean) …………………….now. 5. The red shirt is better but it’s (expensive) ……………………. than the white one. 6. I’ll try to finish the job (quick).……………………. 7. Being a firefighter is (dangerous) ……………………. than being a builder. 8. Lan sings ( sweet ) ………………..than Hoa 9. This is (exciting) ……………………. film I’ve ever seen. 10. He runs ( fast )………………….of all. 11. My Tam is one of (popular) ……………………. singers in my country. 12. Which planet is (close) ……………………. to the Sun? 13. Carol sings as (beautiful) …………………….as Mary, but Cindy sings the (beautiful) ……………………. 14. The weather this summer is even (hot) ……………………. than last summer. 15. Your accent is ( bad ) …………………..than mine. Bài 3: Viết lại các câu sau sao cho nghĩa không đổi. 1. Her old house is bigger than her new one. -> Her new house…………………………………………… 2. No one in my class is taller than Peter. -> Peter ………………………………………………. 3. The black dress is more expensive than the white one. -> The white dress …………………………………………… 4. According to me, English is easier than Maths. -> According to me, Maths …………………………………. 5. No one in my group is more intelligent than Mary. -> Mary ………………………………………………………. 6. No river in the world is longer than the Nile. -> The Nile ………………………………………………….. 7. Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. -> No mountain ……………………………………………… 8. This is the first time I have ever met such a pretty girl. -> She is …………………………………………………….. 9. He works much. He feels tired. -> The more ………………………………………………… 10. This computer works better than that one. -> That computer …………………………………………….. 11. The apartment is big. The rent is high. -> The bigger …………………………………………………. 12. We set off soon. We will arrive soon. -> The sooner …………………………………………………… 13. The joke is good. The laughter is loud. -> The better ……………………………………………….…….. 14. She gets fat. She feels tired. -> The fatter ……………………………………………….……… 15. As he gets older, he wants to travel less. -> The older ……………………………………………….……… 16. The children are excited with the difficult games. -> The more ……………………………………………….……… 17. People dive fast. Many accidents happen. -> The faster ……………………………………………….……… 18. I meet him much. I hate him much -> The more ……………………………………………….……… 19. My boss works better when he is pressed for time, -> The less ……………………………………………….………… 20. As he has much money, he wants to spend much. -> The more ……………………………………………….………… ĐÁP ÁN: Bài 1: 1. C 2. D 3. C 4. C 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. A 9. D 10. D 11. C 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A Bài 2: 1. the cleverest 2. longer 3. the best 4. cleaner 5. more expensive 6. more quickly 7. more dangerous 8. more sweetly 9. the most exciting 10. the fastest 11. the most popular 12. the closest 13. beautifully – most beautifully 14. hotter 15. worse Bài 3: 1. Her new house isn’t so/as big as her old one. 2. Peter is the tallest in my class. 3. The white dress isn’t so/ as expensive as the black one. 4. According to me, Maths isn’t so/as easy as English. 5. Mary is the most intelligent in my group. 6. The Nile is the longest river in the world. 7. No mountain in the world is higher than Mount Everest. 8. She is the prettiest girl I have ever met. 9. The more he works, the more tired he feels. 10. That computer doesn’t work so/as well as that one. 11. The bigger the apartment is, the higher the rent is. 12.The better the joke is, the louder the laughter is. 14. The fatter she gets, the more tired she feels. 15. The older he gets, the less he want to travel. 16. The more difficult the games are, the more excited the children are. 17. The faster people drive, the more accidents happen. 18.The more I meet him, the more I hate him. 19. The less time my boss has, the better he works. 20. The more money he has, the more he wants to spend. Cảm ơn bạn đã theo dõi bài viết về các cấu trúc so sánh trong tiếng Anh. Đừng quên tải MIỄN PHÍ ebook Ôn Tập Ngữ Pháp Tiếng Anh tại đây nhé. Chúc bạn học tốt!!! |