What is the most common congenital heart disease associated with maternal rubella?
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Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) can occur in a developing fetus of a pregnant woman who has contracted rubella, usually in the first trimester. If infection occurs 0–28 days before conception, the infant has a 43% risk of being affected. If the infection occurs 0–12 weeks after conception, the risk increases to 81%. If the infection occurs 13–26 weeks after conception, the risk is 54% of the infant being affected by the disease. Infants are not generally affected if rubella is contracted during the third trimester, or 26–40 weeks after conception. Problems rarely occur when rubella is contracted by the mother after 20 weeks of gestation and continues to disseminate the virus after birth. Show
It was discovered in 1941 by Australian Norman McAlister Gregg.[1] Signs and symptoms[edit]Infant with skin lesions from congenital rubella "Salt-and-pepper" retinopathy is characteristic of congenital rubella.[2]  Congenital rubella serology time-line The classic triad for congenital rubella syndrome is:[3]
Other manifestations of CRS may include:
Children who have been exposed to rubella in the womb should also be watched closely as they age for any indication of:
Diagnosis[edit]
Prevention[edit]Vaccinating the majority of the population is effective at preventing congenital rubella syndrome.[10] For women who plan to become pregnant, the MMR (measles mumps, rubella) vaccination is highly recommended, at least 28 days prior to conception.[5] The vaccine should not be given to women who are already pregnant as it contains live viral particles.[5] Other preventative actions can include the screening and vaccinations of high-risk personnel, such as medical and child care professions.[11] References[edit]
What CHD is commonly associated with maternal rubella?Disease Description
Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) is an illness in infants that results from maternal infection with rubella virus during pregnancy.
Which of the following heart defects is seen as a complication to maternal rubella infection?Cardiac abnormalities occur in half of the children infected during the first 8 wk of gestation. Patent ductus arteriosus is the most frequently reported cardiac defect, followed by lesions of the pulmonary arteries and valvular disease.
What is the most common single defect present in congenital rubella syndrome?Infants with CRS often present with more than 1 sign or symptom consistent with congenital rubella infection. Infants may also present with a single defect with hearing impairment being the most common single defect.
Can rubella cause heart defects?Complications affect 85 out of 100 babies whose mothers had rubella just before or at the beginning of the pregnancy. Complications include deafness, cataracts, heart defects, brain disorders, mental retardation, bone alterations, liver and spleen damage.
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