Which of the following radiographic procedures are considered unnecessary quizlet?

Exposure of patients to medical x-ray exams is commanding increasing attention in our society because:

1. An increasing risk of early tissue reactions from diagnostic x-ray has caused alarm in the general public
2. The frequency of x-ray exams, including many repetitive studies in short periods, among all age groups is expanding annually, which indicates that physicians are relying more and more on radiographic exams to assist them in patient care and diagnosis
3. Concern among public health officials is growing regarding the risk of late effects associated with these multiple medical x-ray exposures

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Terms in this set (37)

The radiation dose absorbed by an organ such as bone marrow:
a. Can be accurately measured by a direct method
b. Cannot be measured by a direct method; it can only be estimated
c. Is negligible for all diagnostic radiography examinations
d. Can only be measured to a small degree by a direct method

B

Of the following radiologic procedures, which is (are) considered nonessential?

a. A chest x-ray on scheduled admission to the hospital
b. Lumbar spine x-rays as part of a pre-employment physical examination
c. Whole-body multislice computed tomography (CT) screening
d. all of the above

D

In fluoroscopy, the amount of radiation that a patient receives is usually estimated by measuring the radiation exposure rate:

a. At the tabletop and multiplying this by the kVp and mA used
b. At the level of the Bucky tray and multiplying this by the kVp and mA used
c. At the tabletop and multiplying this by the fluoro time
d. At the level of the Bucky tray and multiplying this by the fluoro time

C

The skin and gonads of the patient receive a double dose of x-radiation:

a. During all CT procedures
b. Whenever an air gap technique is used
c. Whenever gonadal shielding is used
d. Whenever a repeat radiograph occurs as a consequence of human or mechanical error

D

The benefits of arepeat analysis program include:
1. Increased awarenessamong staff radiographers of the need to produce optimal-quality recordedimages
2. Greater care in theproduction of radiographic images because radiographers are aware that theimages are being viewed
3. Initiation andcontinuation of in-service education programs for imaging personnel coveringproblems or concerns identified through the program

a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 3 only
d. 1,2, & 3

D

The exposure of the fetus to radiation arising from diagnostic procedures:

a. Is not of concern because radiation from diagnostic procedures cannot cause any harm to an unborn fetus
b. Will result in immediate need for the patient to have a therapeutic abortion because of the demise of the fetus from radiation exposure
c. Would definitely be cause in all instances for terminating a pregnancy
d. Would rarely be a cause for terminating a pregnancy

D

When an individual ofchildbearing age undergoes a diagnostic x-ray procedure, gonadal shieldingshould be used to protect the reproductive organs from exposure to the usefulbeam:
1. When thereproductive organs are in or within approximately 5 cm of a properlycollimated x-ray beam
2. Unless shieldingwill compromise the diagnostic value of the examination
3. When theradiographer chooses to collimate beam instead of shield

a. 1 and 2 only
b. 1 and 3 only
c. 2 and 3 only
d.1, 2, and 3

A

Which of the following are most often used to assess skin doses?

a. Compensating filters
b. Filtration equivalent to 4 mm aluminum in the path of the x-ray beam
c Radiographic grids
d. Thermoluminescent dosimeters

D

If a radiographic procedure will cause pain, discomfort, or any strange sensations, the patient:

a. Must be informed before the procedure begins, but the radiographer should not overemphasize this aspect of the examination
b. Must be informed before the procedure begins, and the radiographer should really stress this aspect of the examination
c. Should not be informed before the procedure begins because he or she may decide not to have the procedure
d. Should not be informed before the procedure begins so that he or she will not worry about this part of the examination

A

To ensure adiagnostic image with minimal patient dose, the technique (technical exposurefactors) chosen must ensure:
1. Adequateradiographic density (exposure)
2. An adequate amountof radiographic contrast between adjacent tissue densities
3. Sufficientpenetration of the area of clinical interest

a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 3 only
d. 1,2, & 3

D

The product of x-ray electron tube current and the amount of time in seconds during which the x-ray beam is activated results in which of the following?

a. kVp
b. mA
c. mAs
d. HVL

C

Neglecting to usestandardized technique charts when automatic exposure control (AEC) is not usednecessitates estimating the technical exposure factors, which may result in:
1. Poor-quality images
2. Repeat examinations
3. Unnecessary exposurefor the patient

a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 3 only
d. 1,2, & 3

D

Direct patient shielding is not typically used in:

a. CR
b. CT
c. Diagnostic fluoroscopy
d. Diagnostic radiography

B

If a pregnant patient is inadvertently irradiated, which of the following medical professionals should determine the fetal dose?

a. Attending physician
b. Administrator of the health care facility
c. Radiologic physicist
d. Radiologist

C

Which of thefollowing radiographic procedures are considered unnecessary?
1. Chest x-rayexamination as part of a preemployment physical
2. Chest x-rayexamination for mass screening of tuberculosis
3. Whole-bodymultislice spiral CT screening

a. 1 and 2 only
b. 1 and 3 only
c. 2 and 3 only
d.1, 2, and 3

D

T/F: With CR or DR, it is necessary to develop a policy whereby retaken image files can be recovered for analysis as part of a repeat analysis program.

T

Which of thefollowing x-ray procedures increase the radiographer's risk of exposure toionizing radiation?
1. Mobile C-armfluoroscopy
2. Interventionalprocedures that use high-level-control fluoroscopy
3. Mobile radiographicexaminations

a. 1 and 2 only
b. 1 and 3 only
c. 2 and 3 only
d.1, 2, and 3

D

Secondary radiationincludes _____ radiation.
1. leakage
2. primary
3. scattered

a. 1 and 2 only
b. 1 and 3 only
c. 2 and 3 only
d.1, 2, and 3

B

Who should determine the exact shielding requirements for a particular imaging facility?

a. Administrator of the facility
b. Medical physicist
c. Radiologist
d. Radiographer

B

Which of thefollowing are radiation sources that can be generated in a diagnostic x-rayroom?
1. Primary radiation
2. Scattered radiation
3. Leakage radiation

a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 3 only
d. 1,2, & 3

D

If a radiographer moves closer to a source of radiation, the radiation exposure to the radiographer:

a. Decreases slightly
b. Decreases significantly
c. Increases slightly
d. Increases significantly

D

Diagnostic imaging personnel may receive an annual occupational effective dose of _________ for whole-body exposure during routine operations.
a. 1 mSv (0.1 rem)
b. 5 mSv (0.5 rem)
c. 25 mSv (2.5 rem)
d. 50 mSv (5 rem)

D

Units of either mAs/wk or mA-min/wk are used to determine the __________ for a specific x-ray room.

a. distance factor
b. occupancy factor
c. use factor
d. workload

D

Floors of radiation rooms except dental installations, doors, walls, and ceilings or radiation rooms exposed routinely to the primary beam are given a use factor of:
a.1
b.½
c.¼
d. 1/16

A

The beam direction factor is also known as the:

a. Occupancy factor
b. ISL
c. Workload
d. Use factor

D

Which of thefollowing radiation sources is the control booth barrier not intended tointercept in a diagnostic x-ray room?
1. Leakage radiation
2. Primary radiation
3. Scattered radiation

a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 3 only
d. 1 and 3 only

B

A facility that employs a pregnant diagnostic imaging staff member should provide that individual with an additional dosimeter to be worn at waist level during all radiation procedures. The purpose of this additional monitor is to ensure that the monthly EqD to the embryo/fetus does not exceed:

a. 50 mSv (5 rem)
b. 10 mSv (1 rem)
c. 5 mSv (0.5 rem)
d. 0.5 mSv (0.05 rem)

D

Of the deviceslisted below, which eliminates non-useful low-energy photons from the primarybeam?
1. Collimator lightsource
2. Electronic sensors
3. Aluminum filtration

a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 3 only
d. 1, 2 and 3 only

C

Which of thefollowing methods and devices reduce(s) the radiographer's exposure during afluoroscopic examination?
1. Adequate x-ray beamcollimation
2. Control of technicalexposure factors
3. Use of a remotecontrol fluoroscopic system

a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 3 only
d. 1, 2 and 3 only

D

During C-arm fluoroscopy, the exposure rate caused by scatter near the entrance surface of the patient (x-ray tube side) _____________ the exposure rate caused by scatter near the exit surface of the patient (image intensifier side).

a. equals
b. exceeds
c. is less than
d. is considerably less than

B

If the peak energy of the diagnostic x-ray beam is 130 kVp, the primary protective barrier generally should consist of at least ________ and extend _______ upward from the floor of the x-ray room when the tube is 5 to 7 feet from the wall in question.

a. 1/16-inch lead, 7 feet
b. 1/16-inch lead, 10 feet
c. 1/32-inch lead, 7 feet
d. 1/32-inch lead, 10 feet

A

Protective shielding for an uncontrolled area (hall or corridor frequented by the general public) must ensure that the maximal EqD for that area is no greater than ___________ per week.
a. 1000 microsieverts (100 mrem)
b. 100 microsieverts (10 mrem)
c. microsieverts (2 mrem)
d. 10 microsieverts (1 mrem)

C

Which of the following is the most effective means of protection from ionizing radiation normally available to the radiographer?

a. Reducing the amount of time
b. spent near a source of radiation
c. Remaining behind a mobile protective shield during an exposure
d. Using protective shielding garments

B

If the intensity of the x-ray is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source, how does the intensity of the x-ray beam change when the distance from the source of radiation and a measurement point is quadrupled?

a. It increases by a factor of 4 at the new distance.
b. It increases by a factor of 16 at the new distance.
c. It decreases by a factor of 16 at the new distance.
d. It decreases by a factor of 4 at the new distance.

C

The bucky slot cover used in fluoroscopy should measure

a.25 mmPb
b.5 mmPb
c. 0.05 mm Pb
d. 2.5 mmPb

A

The cumulative timer on fluoroscopic equipment should be audible every
a. minute
b. 2 minutes
c. 5 minutes
d. 10 minutes

C

Advantages of a repeat analysis program include
a. lower patient doses
b. lower costs
c. departmental efficiency
d. all the above

D

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