Hướng dẫn dùng yline matlab python

yline

Horizontal line with constant y-value

Syntax

Description

example

yline(y) creates a horizontal line at one or more y-coordinates in the current axes. For example, yline(2) creates a line at y=2.

example

yline(y,LineSpec) specifies the line style, the line color, or both. For example, yline([12 20 33],'--b') creates three dashed blue lines.

example

yline(___,Name,Value) specifies constant line properties using one or more name-value pair arguments. For a list of properties, see ConstantLine Properties. Specify name-value pairs after all other input arguments.

example

yline(ax,___) creates the line in the specified axes instead of the current axes. To determine the current axes use gca.

example

yl = yline(___) returns a ConstantLine object or an array of ConstantLine objects. Use yl to modify or query properties of the line after it is created.

Examples

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Create Horizontal Line

Create a horizontal line at y = 2.5.

Add a Label

To create a line with a label, you must also specify the line style. The default line style is a solid line, '-'.

fplot(@(x) log(x));
xlim([0 15]);
ylim([0 4]);
yline(3,'-','Threshold');

Create Multiple Lines with Labels

Define a set of x and y vectors and plot them. Then pad the y-axis with extra space above and below the maximum and minimum plotted values.

x = 0:0.1:60;
y = 4.*cos(x)./(x+2);
plot(x,y)
ylim padded

Find the maximum and minimum values of y. Create horizontal lines at those locations with the labels 'Max' and 'Min'.

ymax = max(y);
ymin = min(y);
yline([ymax ymin],'--',{'Max','Min'})

Specify Line Style and Color

Create a blue dash-dot line at y = 4.

Specify Line Style, Thickness, and Label Alignment

Create a horizontal dashed line with a label and a specified line width.

x = -2:0.25:2;
[X,Y] = meshgrid(x);
Z = X.*exp(-X.^2-Y.^2);
contour(X,Y,Z,30)

yl = yline(0,'--','y = 0','LineWidth',3);

Change the horizontal alignment of the label and the color of the line.

yl.LabelHorizontalAlignment = 'center';
yl.Color = [.80 0 .40];

Add Line to Specific Axes

Call the tiledlayout function to create a 1-by-2 tiled chart layout. Call the nexttile function to create the axes objects ax1 and ax2. Then plot into each of the axes. Add a horizontal line to the first plot by passing ax1 to the yline function.

tiledlayout(1,2)
ax1 = nexttile;
x = -pi/2:pi/60:pi/2;
y1 = tan(sin(x)) + cos(sin(x)); 
plot(ax1,x,y1)

ax2 = nexttile;
x = -pi/2:pi/60:pi/2;
y2 = tan(cos(x)) + exp(x);
plot(ax2,x,y2)

yline(ax1,1.0);

Input Arguments

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y — y-coordinates scalar | vector

y-coordinates, specified as a scalar or a vector containing numeric, categorical, datetime, or duration values. The data type of y must match the data type of the y-axis.

Example: yline(10) displays a line at y=10.

Example: yline([13 20 33]) displays lines at y=13, y=20, and y=33.

Data Types: single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | logical | categorical | datetime | duration

LineSpec — Line style and color character vector | string scalar

Line style and color, specified as a character vector or string scalar containing characters and symbols. The characters and symbols can appear in any order. You can specify the line style, line color, or both. Marker symbols such as 'o' are ignored.

Example: '--g' is a green dashed line.

Line Style	Description	Resulting Line
"-"	Solid line
"--"	Dashed line
":"	Dotted line
"-."	Dash-dotted line

Color Name	Short Name	Appearance
'red'	'r'
'green'	'g'
'blue'	'b'
'cyan'	'c'
'magenta'	'm'
'yellow'	'y'
'black'	'k'
'white'	'w'

ax — Target axes current axes (default) | Axes object

Target axes, specified as an Axes object. Use this argument if you want yline to plot in axes other than the current axes.

labels — Line labels '' (default) | character vector | string scalar | cell array of character vectors | string array

Line labels, specified as a character vector, cell array of character vectors, string array, or numeric array. To create a multiline label, use a string array or a cell array of character vectors.

Create a Label for One Line

Specify a character vector or a string scalar to display one line of text. To display multiple lines of text, specify a cell array of character vectors or a string array.

Presentation	How to Specify labels	Example
One line of text	Specify a character vector or a string scalar.	yline(12,'-','Sample')
Multiline text	Specify a cell array of character vectors or a string array. Each element in the array is a different line of text.	yline(12,'-',{'Sample','x=12'})

Create Labels for Multiple Lines

Specify a character vector or a string scalar to display the same label next to all the lines. Specify a cell array of character vectors or a string array to display different labels for each line.

Presentation	How to Specify labels	Example
One shared text label	Specify a character vector or a string scalar.	yline([13 20 33],'-','Sample')
Different labels for each line	Specify a cell array of character vectors or a string array. Each element in the array is a label for a different line. The number of elements in the labels array must match the length of x.	label = {'Sample 1','Sample 2','Sample 3'}; yline([13 20 33],'-',label)
Different labels with some multiline labels	Create a cell array of character vectors or a string array. Use the sprintf function to insert newline characters ('\n') in the text.	label = {'Sample 1',sprintf('Sample 2\nx=20'),'Sample 3'}; yline([13 20 33],'-',label)

Name-Value Arguments

Specify optional pairs of arguments as Name1=Value1,...,NameN=ValueN, where Name is the argument name and Value is the corresponding value. Name-value arguments must appear after other arguments, but the order of the pairs does not matter.

Before R2021a, use commas to separate each name and value, and enclose Name in quotes.

Example: yline(3,':','Median Price','LabelHorizontalAlignment','center') specifies the horizontal alignment of the label as 'center'.

Color — Line color [0.15 0.15 0.15] (default) | RGB triplet | hexadecimal color code | 'r' | 'g' | 'b' | ...

Line color, specified as an RGB triplet, a hexadecimal color code, a color name, or a short name.

For a custom color, specify an RGB triplet or a hexadecimal color code.

• An RGB triplet is a three-element row vector whose elements specify the intensities of the red, green, and blue components of the color. The intensities must be in the range [0,1], for example, [0.4 0.6 0.7].

• A hexadecimal color code is a character vector or a string scalar that starts with a hash symbol (#) followed by three or six hexadecimal digits, which can range from 0 to F. The values are not case sensitive. Therefore, the color codes "#FF8800", "#ff8800", "#F80", and "#f80" are equivalent.

Alternatively, you can specify some common colors by name. This table lists the named color options, the equivalent RGB triplets, and hexadecimal color codes.

Color Name	Short Name	RGB Triplet	Hexadecimal Color Code	Appearance
"red"	"r"	[1 0 0]	"#FF0000"
"green"	"g"	[0 1 0]	"#00FF00"
"blue"	"b"	[0 0 1]	"#0000FF"
"cyan"	"c"	[0 1 1]	"#00FFFF"
"magenta"	"m"	[1 0 1]	"#FF00FF"
"yellow"	"y"	[1 1 0]	"#FFFF00"
"black"	"k"	[0 0 0]	"#000000"
"white"	"w"	[1 1 1]	"#FFFFFF"
"none"	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	No color

Here are the RGB triplets and hexadecimal color codes for the default colors MATLAB® uses in many types of plots.

RGB Triplet	Hexadecimal Color Code	Appearance
[0 0.4470 0.7410]	"#0072BD"
[0.8500 0.3250 0.0980]	"#D95319"
[0.9290 0.6940 0.1250]	"#EDB120"
[0.4940 0.1840 0.5560]	"#7E2F8E"
[0.4660 0.6740 0.1880]	"#77AC30"
[0.3010 0.7450 0.9330]	"#4DBEEE"
[0.6350 0.0780 0.1840]	"#A2142F"

Example: 'g'

Example: [0.6 0.2 0.5]

Example: '#D2F9A7'

LineWidth — Line width 0.5 (default) | positive value

Line width, specified as a positive value in points.

Legend label, specified as a character vector or string scalar. The legend does not display until you call the legend command. If you do not specify the text, then legend sets the label using the form 'dataN'.

LabelHorizontalAlignment — Horizontal alignment of label 'right' (default) | 'left' | 'center'

Horizontal alignment of the label with respect to the line, specified as one of the options in the table.

Option	Description	Example
'right'	Right side of the line
'left'	Left side of the line
'center'	Center of the line

LabelVerticalAlignment — Vertical alignment of label 'top' (default) | 'middle' | 'bottom'

Vertical alignment of the label with respect to the line, specified as one of the options in the table.

Option	Description	Example
'top'	Top of the line.
'middle'	Middle of the line. The label segments the line.
'bottom'	Bottom of the line.

LabelOrientation — Label orientation 'aligned' (default) | 'horizontal'

Label orientation, specified as 'aligned' or 'horizontal'. Examples are shown in the table.

Orientation	Description	Example
'aligned'	Label has the same orientation as the specified line.
'horizontal'	Label is horizontal, regardless of the line orientation.

Algorithms

In a 3-D view of the axes, the constant line appears in the x-y plane at the midpoint of the z-axis limits. If the axes are rotated, then the constant line rotates accordingly.

Version History

Introduced in R2018b