Hướng dẫn php unique process id

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

getmypid — Gets PHP's process ID

Description

getmypid(): int|false

Parameters

This function has no parameters.

Return Values

Returns the current PHP process ID, or false on error.

Notes

Warning

Process IDs are not unique, thus they are a weak entropy source. We recommend against relying on pids in security-dependent contexts.

See Also

• getmygid() - Get PHP script owner's GID
• getmyuid() - Gets PHP script owner's UID
• get_current_user() - Gets the name of the owner of the current PHP script
• getmyinode() - Gets the inode of the current script
• getlastmod() - Gets time of last page modification

Radu Cristescu ¶

9 years ago

The lock-file mechanism in Kevin Trass's note is incorrect because it is subject to race conditions.

For locks you need an atomic way of verifying if a lock file exists and creating it if it doesn't exist. Between file_exists and file_put_contents, another process could be faster than us to write the lock.

The only filesystem operation that matches the above requirements that I know of is symlink().

Thus, if you need a lock-file mechanism, here's the code. This won't work on a system without /proc (so there go Windows, BSD, OS X, and possibly others), but it can be adapted to work around that deficiency (say, by linking to your pid file like in my script, then operating through the symlink like in Kevin's solution).

#!/usr/bin/php


define

Robert Mays Jr ¶

11 years ago

All of the examples above require you to have shell command execution turned on- this example uses only PHP functions and should work on any system (posix is included by default)-

the key is posix_getsid which will return FALSE if the processes does not exist.

$lockfile = sys_get_temp_dir() . '/myScript.lock';
$pid = file_get_contents($lockfile);
if (posix_getsid($pid) === false) {
   print "process has died! restarting...\n";
   file_put_contents($lockfile, getmypid()); // create lockfile
} else {
   print "PID is still alive! can not run twice!\n";
   exit;
}
?>

:-) perfect if you need to make sure a cron job or shell script has ended before it can be started again.

This works across users- if the cron job is started as 'root' your 'web user' can see if the process is still alive (useful for system status pages)

brooke at jump dot net ¶

18 years ago

One good use for this is deciding on a concurrency-safe temporary file or directory name. You can be assured that no two processes on the same server have the same PID, so this is enough to avoid collisions. For example:

$tmpfile = "/tmp/foo_".getmypid();
// Use $tmpfile...
// Use $tmpfile...
// Use $tmpfile...
unlink ($tmpfile);
?>

If you are sharing /tmp over the network (which is odd....) then you can, of course, mix in the PHP server's IP address.

Kevin Traas (ktraas- at -gmail dot com) ¶

12 years ago

Looking to create a lock-file mechanism for a cmd-line script?

Enjoy!

#!/usr/bin/php


define

martijn at nowhere dot com ¶

6 years ago

On windows, you can get a list of PID's using this single line statement: = array_column(array_map('str_getcsv', explode("\n",trim(`tasklist /FO csv /NH`))), 1); ?>.

brospam at gmail dot com ¶

9 years ago

My lockfile system

function isLocked(){
    if(file_exists(LOCK_FILE)) {
        $lockingPID = trim(file_get_contents(LOCK_FILE));
        $test=trim(`ps -p $lockingPID -o pid=`);
        if(!empty($test)) return true;
        echo "Removing stale lock file.\n";
        unlink(LOCK_FILE);
    }
    file_put_contents(LOCK_FILE, getmypid()."\n");
    return false;
}
?>

Erickson Reyes ercbluemonday at yahoo dot com ¶

12 years ago

We also had this challenge in our company to prevent a php script in a cron job from overlapping each other.

We made this solution

        // Initialize variables
    $found            = 0;
    $file                 = basename(__FILE__);
    $commands    = array();// Get running processes.
    exec("ps w", $commands);// If processes are found
    if (count($commands) > 0) {

        foreach (

eight_hf at live dot fr ¶

10 years ago

On Linux you can check if a process is still running by verifying if the PID exists in the /proc directory :

if(file_exists('/proc/'.$pid))
{
    echo 'The process is still running.';
}
?>

kroczu at interia dot pl ¶

16 years ago

/*

mixed getpidinfo(mixed pid [, string system_ps_command_options])

this function gets PID-info from system ps command and return it in useful assoc-array,
or return false and trigger warning if PID doesn't exists

$pidifo=getpidinfo(12345);

print_r($pidifo);

Array
(
    [USER] => user
    [PID] => 12345
    [%CPU] => 0.0
    [%MEM] => 0.0
    [VSZ] => 1720
    [RSS] => 8
    [TT] => ??
    [STAT] => Is
    [STARTED] => 6:00PM
    [TIME] => 0:00.01
    [COMMAND] => php someproces.php > logfile
)

*/

//////////////////////////////////////////////

Pure-PHP ¶

17 years ago

You can use this function also to avoid more than one instance of your app.

You can also use this class.
http://www.pure-php.de/node/20

Usage:

inlude

wouter99999 at gmail dot com ¶

11 years ago

On windows, ps is not available. Instead, to view a list of running processes, you can use exec('tasklist'); To kill processes you can use exec('taskkill); Enter taskkill /? for more information.

james at voodoo dot co dot uk ¶

12 years ago

The 'ps' command has an option that can make filtering for a specific process more efficient.  Using this the work of looking for matching processes can be made neater:

    /*
    Return an array of the pids of the processes that are running for the specific command
    e.g.
        returnPids('myprocess.php');
    */
    function returnPids($command) {
        exec("ps -C $command -o pid=",$pids);
        foreach ($pids as $key=>$value) $pids[$key]=trim($value);
        return $pids;
    }    /*
    Returns an array of the pids for processes that are like me, i.e. my program running
    */
    function returnMyPids() {
        return returnPids(basename($_SERVER["SCRIPT_NAME"]));
    }
?>

e.g. to bomb out if I'm running already

if (count(returnMyPids())>1) exit;

pdc at example dot com ¶

10 years ago

Here is how you'd use exec on a posix system to accomplish counting processes quickly.

I want to know how many processes are running with 'update.php' in the command:

ps aux|grep "[u]pdate.php"|wc -l

(the trick of using [u]pdate.php instead of update.php makes sure that the grep command itself is not matched).  Be sure to use quotes in the command, or it won't work either.

So, the code:

function countProcesses($scriptName)
{
    // ps aux|grep "[u]pdate.php"|wc -l
    $first    =    substr($scriptName, 0, 1);
    $rest    =    substr($scriptName, 1); $name    =    '"['.$first.']'.$rest.'"';
    $cmd    =    "ps aux | grep $name | wc -l"; $result    =    exec($cmd);

                return

gabe at fijiwebdesign dot com ¶

12 years ago

Based on what james at voodoo dot co dot uk said, but modified for CLI scripts (ie: there is no $_SERVER).

/**
* Check for a current process by filename
* @param $file[optional] Filename
* @return Boolean
*/
function processExists($file = false) {$exists     = false;
    $file       = $file ? $file : __FILE__;// Check if file is in process list
    exec("ps -C $file -o pid=", $pids);
    if (count($pids) > 1) {
        $exists = true;
    }
    return $exists;
}?>