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#22
Read the excerpt from Judith Sargent Murray, "On the Equality of the Sexes" (1790).

[T]he sister must be wholly domesticated, while the brother is led by the hand through all the flowery paths of science. Grant that their minds are by nature equal, yet who shall wonder at the apparent superiority. . . . At length arrived at womanhood, the uncultivated fair one feels a void, which the employments allotted her are by no means capable of filling. . . . She herself is most unhappy; she feels the want of a cultivated mind. . . . Should it . . . be vociferated, "Your domestic employments are sufficient"—I would calmly ask, is it reasonable, that a candidate for immortality, for the joys of heaven, an intelligent being, who is to spend an eternity in contemplating the works of Deity, should at present be so degraded, as to be allowed no other ideas, than those which are suggested by the mechanism of a pudding, or the sewing the seams of a garment? . . .Yes, ye lordly, ye haughty sex, our souls are by nature equal to yours.

How does Murray answer the argument that offering education to women will lead them to neglect their "domestic employments"?

#1
Read and analyze the document from the chapter, titled "Letter to the Middletown Sentinel and Witness," derived from a letter written to a local Connecticut newspaper in 1850.
In the excerpt below, six residents from Middletown, Connecticut, react to the passage of the Fugitive Slave Act. Click on the excerpts below where the residents describe their intent to disobey the new law.

The undersigned are friends of law. We reverence law. We are of the party of law and order. ... Even an imperfect law we will respect and bear with, till we can obtain its modification or repeal. But all is not law which calls itself law. When iniquity frames itself into law, the sacredness of law is gone. When an enactment, falsely calling itself law, is imposed upon us, which disgraces our country, which invades our conscience, which dishonors our religion, which is an outrage upon our sense of justice, we take our stand against the imposition.
The Fugitive Slave Law commands all good citizens to be slave catchers. Good citizens cannot be slave catchers, any more than light can be darkness. You tell us, the Union will be endangered if we oppose this law. We reply, that greater things than the Union will be endangered, if we submit to it: Conscience, Humanity, Self-respect are greater than the Union. ... When our sense of decency is clean gone forever, we will turn slave catchers; till then, never. You tell us that great men made this law. If great men choose to disgrace themselves, choose to put off all manliness, and plunge all over into meanness and dishonor, it does not follow that small men should do so too. If Beacon Street [a chief commercial street in Boston] and Marshfield [Daniel Webster's estate] choose to turn slave catchers, let them. We farmers and working men choose to stay by our plows and mills. ... We are not yet ready to give ourselves over to all manner of villainy. Be the consequence what it may, come fines, come imprisonment, come what will, this thing you call law we will not obey.

-When an enactment, falsely calling itself law, is imposed upon us, which disgraces our country, which invades our conscience, which dishonors our religion, which is an outrage upon our sense of justice, we take our stand against the imposition.

-When our sense of decency is clean gone forever, we will turn slave catchers; till then, never.

-Be the consequence what it may, come fines, come imprisonment, come what will, this thing you call law we will not obey.

#9
Read the excerpt from the Majority Opinion, Justice James C. McReynolds, in Meyer v. Nebraska(1923).

That the State may do much, go very far, indeed, in order to improve the quality of its citizens, physically, mentally, and morally, is clear; but the individual has certain fundamental rights which must be respected. The protection of the Constitution extends to all, to those who speak other languages as well as to those born with English on the tongue. Perhaps it would be highly advantageous if all had ready understanding of our ordinary speech, but this cannot be coerced by methods which conflict with the Constitution. . . . No emergency has arisen which rendered knowledge by a child of some language other than English so clearly harmful as to justify its inhibition with the consequent infringement of rights long freely enjoyed.

How does the decision in Meyer v. Nebraska expand the definition of liberty protected by the Fourteenth Amendment?

#12
Read and analyze the "Voices of Freedom" document from the chapter derived from a 1934 fireside chat with President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
In the excerpt below, FDR outlines his definition of freedom and attempts to mobilize support for New Deal programs. Click on the excerpts below where Roosevelt defends the government's involvement in the recovery of the American economy.

To those who say that our expenditures for public works and other means for recovery are a waste that we cannot afford, I answer that no country, however rich, can afford the waste of its human resources. Demoralization caused by vast unemployment is our greatest extravagance. Morally, it is the greatest menace to our social order. Some people try to tell me that we must make up our minds that in the future we shall permanently have millions of unemployed just as other countries have had them for over a decade. What may be necessary for those countries is not my responsibility to determine. But as for this country, I stand or fall by my refusal to accept as a necessary condition of our future a permanent army of unemployed. ...
In our efforts for recovery we have avoided, on the one hand, the theory that business should and must be taken over into an all-embracing Government. We have avoided, on the other hand, the equally untenable theory that it is an interference with liberty to offer reasonable help when private enterprise is in need of help. The course we have followed fits the American practice of Government, a practice of taking action step by step, of regulating only to meet concrete needs, a practice of courageous recognition of change. I believe with Abraham Lincoln, that "the legitimate object of Government is to do for a community of people whatever they need to have done but cannot do at all or cannot do so well for themselves in their separate and individual capacities."
I am not for a return to that definition of liberty under which for many years a free people were being gradually regimented into the service of the privileged few. I prefer and I am sure you prefer that broader definition of liberty under which we are moving forward to greater freedom, to greater security for the average man than he has ever known before in the history of America.

#17
By the middle of 2008, when the median family income was around $50,000, the average American family owed an $84,000 home mortgage, $14,000 in auto and student loans, $8,500 to credit card companies, and $10,000 in home equity loans. What effect did this amount of borrowing have on the country?

What does it reveal about roads and canals in 1840 quizlet?

What does it reveal about roads and canals in 1840? By 1840, a network of roads connected the Atlantic coast to the western states, including Indiana. Large portions of the Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio Rivers could be navigated, allowing trade throughout the most western states.

What does it reveal about the contrast between how America viewed the West and the reality of the West?

What does it reveal about the contrast between how America viewed the West, and the reality of the West? While Americans romanticized the West as a land of opportunity and promise, in reality it was rough and a difficult place to live.
Which describes a way in which the American legal system influenced the market revolution? Local judges protected businessmen from paying property damages associated with factory construction.

What best describes the individualism of the market revolution era quizlet?

What best described the "individualism" of the market revolution era? Americans were sovereign individuals who had the right to privacy.