What represents multiple related request items grouped together as one request
I believe that another correct way to approach this would be to create another resource that represents your collection of resources. Example, imagine that we have an endpoint like Show
Now, if we want to support bulk creation, we should consider a new flock resource at Resources are a higher level representation, unrelated with your data. Operating on a resource can have significant side effects, like firing an alert to a user, updating other related data, initiating a long lived process, etc. For example, we could map a file system or even the unix I think it is safe to assume that operating a resource may also mean to create several other entities as a side effect. In Amazon DynamoDB, an item is a collection of attributes. Each attribute has a name and a value. An attribute value can be a scalar, a set, or a document type. For more information, see Amazon DynamoDB: How it works. DynamoDB provides four operations for basic create, read, update, and delete (CRUD) functionality. All these operations are atomic.
Each of these operations requires that you specify the primary key of the item that you want to work with. For example, to read an item using 0, you must specify the partition key and sort key (if applicable) for that item.In addition to the four basic CRUD operations, DynamoDB also provides the following:
These batch operations combine multiple CRUD operations into a single request. In addition, the batch operations read and write items in parallel to minimize response latencies. This section describes how to use these operations and includes related topics, such as conditional updates and atomic counters. This section also includes example code that uses the AWS SDKs. Reading an itemTo read an item from a DynamoDB table, use the 0 operation. You must provide the name of the table, along with the primary key of the item you want.Example The following AWS CLI example shows how to read an item from the 7 table.
With 0, you must specify the entire primary key, not just part of it. For example, if a table has a composite primary key (partition key and sort key), you must supply a value for the partition key and a value for the sort key.A 0 request performs an eventually consistent read by default. You can use the 0 parameter to request a strongly consistent read instead. (This consumes additional read capacity units, but it returns the most up-to-date version of the item.) 0 returns all of the item's attributes. You can use a projection expression to return only some of the attributes. For more information, see Projection expressions.To return the number of read capacity units consumed by 0, set the 3 parameter to 4.Example The following AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI) example shows some of the optional 0 parameters.
Writing an itemTo create, update, or delete an item in a DynamoDB table, use one of the following operations:
For each of these operations, you must specify the entire primary key, not just part of it. For example, if a table has a composite primary key (partition key and sort key), you must provide a value for the partition key and a value for the sort key. To return the number of write capacity units consumed by any of these operations, set the 3 parameter to one of the following:
PutItem 9 creates a new item. If an item with the same key already exists in the table, it is replaced with the new item.Example Write a new item to the 4 table. The primary key for 4 consists of 6 (partition key) and 7 (sort key).
The arguments for 8 are stored in the 9 file.
If an item with the specified key does not exist, 1 creates a new item. Otherwise, it modifies an existing item's attributes.You use an update expression to specify the attributes that you want to modify and their new values. For more information, see Update expressions. Within the update expression, you use expression attribute values as placeholders for the actual values. For more information, see Expression attribute values. Example Modify various attributes in the 4 item. The optional 2 parameter shows the item as it appears after the update. For more information, see Return values.
The arguments for 3 are stored in the 4 file.
The arguments for 5 are stored in the 6 file.
DeleteItem 2 deletes the item with the specified key.Example The following AWS CLI example shows how to delete the 4 item.
Return valuesIn some cases, you might want DynamoDB to return certain attribute values as they appeared before or after you modified them. The 9, 1, and 2 operations have a 2 parameter that you can use to return the attribute values before or after they are modified.The default value for 2 is 2, meaning that DynamoDB does not return any information about attributes that were modified.The following are the other valid settings for 2, organized by DynamoDB API operation.PutItem
The most common usage for 1 is to update an existing item. However, 1 actually performs an upsert, meaning that it automatically creates the item if it doesn't already exist.
DeleteItem
Batch operationsFor applications that need to read or write multiple items, DynamoDB provides the 4 and 5 operations. Using these operations can reduce the number of network round trips from your application to DynamoDB. In addition, DynamoDB performs the individual read or write operations in parallel. Your applications benefit from this parallelism without having to manage concurrency or threading.The batch operations are essentially wrappers around multiple read or write requests. For example, if a 4 request contains five items, DynamoDB performs five 0 operations on your behalf. Similarly, if a 5 request contains two put requests and four delete requests, DynamoDB performs two 9 and four 2 requests.In general, a batch operation does not fail unless all the requests in the batch fail. For example, suppose that you perform a 4 operation, but one of the individual 0 requests in the batch fails. In this case, 4 returns the keys and data from the 0 request that failed. The other 0 requests in the batch are not affected.BatchGetItemA single 4 operation can contain up to 100 individual 0 requests and can retrieve up to 16 MB of data. In addition, a 4 operation can retrieve items from multiple tables.Example Retrieve two items from the 4 table, using a projection expression to return only some of the attributes.
The arguments for 08 are stored in the 09 file.
BatchWriteItemThe 5 operation can contain up to 25 individual 9 and 2 requests and can write up to 16 MB of data. (The maximum size of an individual item is 400 KB.) In addition, a 5 operation can put or delete items in multiple tables. 5 does not support 1 requests.Example Write two items to the 7 table. 0The arguments for 08 are stored in the 09 file. 1Atomic countersYou can use the 1 operation to implement an atomic counter—a numeric attribute that is incremented, unconditionally, without interfering with other write requests. (All write requests are applied in the order in which they were received.) With an atomic counter, the updates are not idempotent. In other words, the numeric value increments each time you call 1.You might use an atomic counter to track the number of visitors to a website. In this case, your application would increment a numeric value, regardless of its current value. If an 1 operation fails, the application could simply retry the operation. This would risk updating the counter twice, but you could probably tolerate a slight overcounting or undercounting of website visitors.An atomic counter would not be appropriate where overcounting or undercounting can't be tolerated (for example, in a banking application). In this case, it is safer to use a conditional update instead of an atomic counter. For more information, see Incrementing and decrementing numeric attributes. Example The following AWS CLI example increments the 22 of a product by 5. (Because 1 is not idempotent, the 22 increases every time you run this example.) 2By default, the DynamoDB write operations ( 9, 1, 2) are unconditional: Each operation overwrites an existing item that has the specified primary key.DynamoDB optionally supports conditional writes for these operations. A conditional write succeeds only if the item attributes meet one or more expected conditions. Otherwise, it returns an error. Conditional writes are helpful in many situations. For example, you might want a 9 operation to succeed only if there is not already an item with the same primary key. Or you could prevent an 1 operation from modifying an item if one of its attributes has a certain value.Conditional writes are helpful in cases where multiple users attempt to modify the same item. Consider the following diagram, in which two users (Alice and Bob) are working with the same item from a DynamoDB table. Suppose that Alice uses the AWS CLI to update the 22 attribute to 8. 3The arguments for 5 are stored in the file 6: 4Now suppose that Bob issues a similar 1 request later, but changes the 22 to 12. For Bob, the 5 parameter looks like the following. 5Bob's request succeeds, but Alice's earlier update is lost. To request a conditional 9, 2, or 1, you specify a condition expression. A condition expression is a string containing attribute names, conditional operators, and built-in functions. The entire expression must evaluate to true. Otherwise, the operation fails.Now consider the following diagram, showing how conditional writes would prevent Alice's update from being overwritten. Alice first tries to update 22 to 8, but only if the current 22 is 10. 6The arguments for 5 are stored in the 6 file. 7Alice's update succeeds because the condition evaluates to true. Next, Bob attempts to update the 22 to 12, but only if the current 22 is 10. For Bob, the 5 parameter looks like the following. 8Because Alice has previously changed the 22 to 8, the condition expression evaluates to false, and Bob's update fails.For more information, see Condition expressions. Conditional write idempotenceConditional writes can be idempotent if the conditional check is on the same attribute that is being updated. This means that DynamoDB performs a given write request only if certain attribute values in the item match what you expect them to be at the time of the request. For example, suppose that you issue an 1 request to increase the 22 of an item by 3, but only if the 22 is currently 20. After you send the request, but before you get the results back, a network error occurs, and you don't know whether the request was successful. Because this conditional write is idempotent, you can retry the same 1 request, and DynamoDB updates the item only if the 22 is currently 20.Capacity units consumed by conditional writesIf a 52 evaluates to false during a conditional write, DynamoDB still consumes write capacity from the table:
Write operations consume write capacity units only. They never consume read capacity units. A failed conditional write returns a 53. When this occurs, you don't receive any information in the response about the write capacity that was consumed. However, you can view the 54 metric for the table in Amazon CloudWatch. For more information, see DynamoDB metrics in Logging and monitoring in DynamoDB.To return the number of write capacity units consumed during a conditional write, you use the 3 parameter:
Unlike a global secondary index, a local secondary index shares its provisioned throughput capacity with its table. Read and write activity on a local secondary index consumes provisioned throughput capacity from the table. What represents multiple related request items grouped together as one?An order guide represents multiple related request items grouped together as one request.
What is the difference between order guide and catalog item in ServiceNow?2. The main difference between a catalog item and an order guide is what happens after you submit them. A catalog item works with the cart where you can add multiple and then checkout. On the back end it creates a request, request item, and possibly approvals and tasks depending on its workflow.
What is an order guide?An order guide submits a single service catalog request that generates several items. Order guides allow you to define rules that identify which catalog items to include in a request. This can be extremely useful in the (obvious) use case of user onboarding.
What is the difference between service catalog and record producer in ServiceNow?The service catalog is a collection of request forms presented as Catalog Items, Record Prodcures, Content Items, Order Guides, etc. A record producer is a nice front end you can include in your Service Catalog to create records. Ask user friendly questions instead of using field labels on a standard form.
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