How do i specify a schema in mongodb?

A root-level collection schema can contain additional schemas that describe the type's properties. Each root-level schema is an object schema that has the following form:

{
  "bsonType": "object",
  "title": "",
  "required": ["", ...],
  "properties": {
    "": 
  }
}

You can use any of the supported schema types to configure the object's properties:

• Object

• Array

• String

• Number

• Boolean

• UUID

• ObjectId

• Binary Data

• Mixed

• Set

• Dictionary

Note

App Services validates all write operations (inserts, updates, and deletes) on a MongoDB collection against its collection schema. It checks every document before and after every request to ensure that all properties conform to the schema and that no invalid changes occured.

App Services evaluates the result of all document writes and compares them against the schema before committing the writes to your cluster. If the result of any write operation in a request does not match the schema, App Services returns an error to the user without applying any changes in the request.

Example

A collection has the following schema:

{
  "title": "person",
  "properties": {
    "_id": { "bsonType": "objectId" },
    "name": { "bsonType": "string" }
  }
}

A user with permission to read and write all fields wants to update the name field of a particular document. They issue the following query:

collection.updateOne(
  { "_id": BSON.ObjectId("5ae782e48f25b9dc5c51c4d0") },
  { "$set": { "name": 42 } }
)

The query attempts to set the value of name to the number 42, but the schema requires the value to be a string. App Services will reject this write operation even though the user had permission to update the document because the write result does not conform to the schema.