How to create a list of alphabets in python

>>> import string
>>> string.ascii_lowercase
'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
>>> list(string.ascii_lowercase)
['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']

Alternatively, using range:

>>> list(map(chr, range(97, 123)))
['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']

Or equivalently:

>>> list(map(chr, range(ord('a'), ord('z')+1)))
['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']

Other helpful string module features:

>>> help(string)
....
DATA
    ascii_letters = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
    ascii_lowercase = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
    ascii_uppercase = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
    digits = '0123456789'
    hexdigits = '0123456789abcdefABCDEF'
    octdigits = '01234567'
    printable = '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ!"#$%&\'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~ \t\n\r\x0b\x0c'
    punctuation = '!"#$%&\'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~'
    whitespace = ' \t\n\r\x0b\x0c'

While working with Python lists, sometimes we wish to initialize the list with the English alphabet a-z or A-Z. This is an essential utility in competitive programming and also in certain applications. Let’s discuss various methods to achieve this using Python.

Initialize the list with alphabets using string.ascii_uppercase 

The most pythonic and latest way to perform this particular task. Using this new inbuilt function will internally handle the coding part providing a useful shorthand for the user. 

Note: You can use lowercase instead of uppercase to generate lower alphabets.

Python3

import string

test_list = []

test_list = list(string.ascii_uppercase)

print ("List after insertion : " + str(test_list))

Output :

List after insertion : [‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’, ‘D’, ‘E’, ‘F’, ‘G’, ‘H’, ‘I’, ‘J’, ‘K’, ‘L’, ‘M’, ‘N’, ‘O’, ‘P’, ‘Q’, ‘R’, ‘S’, ‘T’, ‘U’, ‘V’, ‘W’, ‘X’, ‘Y’, ‘Z’]

Initialize the list with alphabets using a naive method 

The most general method that comes to our mind is using the brute force method of running a Python loop till 26 and incrementing it while appending the letters in the list. Refer to ASCII Table for more.

Python3

test_list = []

print ("Initial list : " + str(test_list))

alpha = 'a'

for i in range(0, 26):

    test_list.append(alpha)

    alpha = chr(ord(alpha) + 1)

print ("List after insertion : " + str(test_list))

Output : 

Initial list : [] 

List after insertion : [‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’, ‘e’, ‘f’, ‘g’, ‘h’, ‘i’, ‘j’, ‘k’, ‘l’, ‘m’, ‘n’, ‘o’, ‘p’, ‘q’, ‘r’, ‘s’, ‘t’, ‘u’, ‘v’, ‘w’, ‘x’, ‘y’, ‘z’]

Initialize the list with alphabets using list comprehension 

This is a method similar to the above method, but rather a shorthand for the naive method as it uses the list comprehension technique to achieve the task. 

Python3

test_list = []

print ("Initial list : " + str(test_list))

test_list = [chr(x) for x in range(ord('a'), ord('z') + 1)]

print ("List after insertion : " + str(test_list))

Output :

Initial list : [] 

List after insertion : [‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’, ‘e’, ‘f’, ‘g’, ‘h’, ‘i’, ‘j’, ‘k’, ‘l’, ‘m’, ‘n’, ‘o’, ‘p’, ‘q’, ‘r’, ‘s’, ‘t’, ‘u’, ‘v’, ‘w’, ‘x’, ‘y’, ‘z’]

Initialize the list with alphabets using a map() 

Using a map() is an elegant way to perform this particular task. It type casts the numbers in a range to a particular data type, char in this case, and assigns them to the list. 

Python3

test_list = []

print ("Initial list : " + str(test_list))

test_list = list(map(chr, range(97, 123)))

print ("List after insertion : " + str(test_list))

Output :

Initial list : [] 

List after insertion : [‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’, ‘e’, ‘f’, ‘g’, ‘h’, ‘i’, ‘j’, ‘k’, ‘l’, ‘m’, ‘n’, ‘o’, ‘p’, ‘q’, ‘r’, ‘s’, ‘t’, ‘u’, ‘v’, ‘w’, ‘x’, ‘y’, ‘z’]

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