Identify what kind of research design the following research problems belong to
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Be it science and technology, art and culture, media studies, geography, mathematics, and other subjects, research has always been the route towards finding the unknown. In the present gloomy circumstances when Coronavirus has shattered the world, a vast amount of research is being carried out to find vaccines for its treatment. In this blog, we will understand what are the various types of research design and their related components. Show
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This article takes a look at some common distinctions made between different types of research and outlines the key differences between them. Table of contents
Types of research aimsThe first thing to consider is what kind of knowledge your research aims to contribute. Type of researchWhat’s the difference?What to considerBasic vs. appliedBasic research aims to develop knowledge, theories and predictions, while applied research aims to develop techniques, products and procedures.Do you want to expand scientific understanding or solve a practical problem?Exploratory vs. explanatoryExploratory research aims to explore the main aspects of an under-researched problem, while explanatory research aims to explain the causes and consequences of a well-defined problem.How much is already known about your research problem? Are you conducting initial research on a newly-identified issue, or seeking precise conclusions about an established issue?Inductive vs. deductiveInductive research aims to develop a theory, while deductive research aims to test a theory.Is there already some theory on your research problem that you can use to develop hypotheses, or do you want to propose new theories based on your findings?Types of research dataThe next thing to consider is what type of data you will collect. Each kind of data is associated with a range of specific research methods and procedures. Prevent plagiarism, run a free check.Try for freeTypes of sampling, timescale, and locationFinally, you have to consider three closely related questions: how will you select the subjects or participants of the research? When and how often will you collect data from your subjects? And where will the research take place? Keep in mind that the methods that you choose bring with them different risk factors and types of research bias. Biases aren’t completely avoidable, but can heavily impact the validity and reliability of your findings if left unchecked. Type of researchWhat’s the difference?What to considerProbability vs non-probability samplingProbability sampling allows you to generalize your findings to a broader population, while non-probability sampling allows you to draw conclusions only about the specific subjects of the research.Do you want to produce generalizable knowledge that applies to many contexts or detailed knowledge about a specific context (e.g. in a case study)?Cross-sectional vs longitudinalCross-sectional studies gather data at a single point in time, while longitudinal studies gather data at several points in time.Is your research question focused on understanding the current situation or tracking changes over time?Field vs laboratoryField research takes place in a natural or real-world setting, while laboratory research takes place in a controlled and constructed setting.Do you want to find out how something occurs in the real world or draw firm conclusions about cause and effect? Laboratory experiments have higher internal validity but lower external validity.Fixed vs flexibleIn a fixed research design the subjects, timescale and location are set before data collection begins, while in a flexible design these aspects may develop through the data collection process.Do you want to test hypotheses and establish generalizable facts, or explore concepts and develop understanding? For measuring, testing and making generalizations, a fixed research design has higher validity and reliability.Choosing between all these different research types is part of the process of creating your research design, which determines exactly how your research will be conducted. But the type of research is only the first step: next, you have to make more concrete decisions about your research methods and the details of the study. Read more about creating a research design Cite this Scribbr articleIf you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.
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