Which of the following driver information is not included on insurance claims?

A deductible is the amount of money that you are responsible for paying toward an insured loss. When a disaster strikes your home or you have a car accident, the deductible is subtracted, or "deducted," from what your insurance pays toward a claim. Deductibles are how risk is shared between you, the policyholder, and your insurer.

Generally speaking, the larger the deductible, the less you pay in premiums for an insurance policy. A deductible can be either a specific dollar amount or a percentage of the total amount of insurance on a policy. The amount is established by the terms of your coverage and can be found on the declarations (or front) page of standard homeowners, condo owners, renters, and auto insurance policies.

State insurance regulations strictly dictate the way deductibles are incorporated into the policy's language and how deductibles are implemented. These laws can vary from state to state. 

How deductibles work

A specific amount would be subtracted from your claim payment if you have a dollar amount deductible. For example, if your policy states a $500 deductible, and your insurer has determined that you have an insured loss worth $10,000, you would receive a claims check for $9,500.

Percentage deductibles generally only apply to homeowners policies and are calculated based on a percentage of the home’s insured value. Therefore, if your house is insured for $100,000 and your insurance policy has a 2 percent deductible, $2,000 would be deducted from any claim payment. In the event of the $10,000 insurance loss, you would be paid $8,000. For a $25,000 loss, your claim check would be $23,000.

Note that with auto insurance or a homeowners policy, the deductible applies each time you file a claim. There are exceptions to this practice in Florida and Louisiana, where hurricane deductibles are applied once per season rather than for each storm.

Deductibles generally apply to property damage, not to the liability portion of homeowners or auto insurance policies. For example, with a homeowners policy, a deductible would apply to property damaged in a rogue outdoor grill fire; however, there would be no deductible against the policy's liability portion if a burned guest made a medical claim or sued.

Raising your deductible can save money

One way to save money on a homeowners or auto insurance policy is to raise the deductible. Therefore, if you're shopping for insurance, ask about the options for deductibles when comparing policies.

Increasing your auto insurance's dollar deductible from $200 to $500 can reduce optional collision and comprehensive coverage premium costs. Going to a $1,000 deductible may save you even more. Most homeowners and renters insurers offer a minimum $500 or $1,000 deductible, and raising the deductible to more than $1,000 can save on the cost of the policy.

Of course, remember that you'll be responsible for the deductible in the event of loss, so make sure that you're comfortable with the amount. 

Homeowners disaster deductibles

Standard homeowners insurance covers wind and hail damage from storms and hurricanes. Flood and earthquake policies are purchased separately. But each of these disasters has its own deductible rules. If you live in an area with a high risk for one of these natural disasters, understand how much deductible you will need to pay if a catastrophe strikes.

Start here, check your policies and speak to your insurance professional to learn exactly how your deductibles work.

NCD is a way of rewarding you for being a careful driver. The following table shows how the NCD is determined by most insurers across the industry.

Number of accident-free yearsPercentage of NCD awarded to Private CarOne year10%Two consecutive years20%Three consecutive years30%Four consecutive years40%Five or more consecutive years50%

NCD helps to reduce the premium for the following year.

  • Q:How is my No Claim Discount (NCD) applied?

    A:

    Your NCD is tied to you (the policyholder) and can only be applied to one vehicle at one time.
    If you own more than one vehicle, you may decide which vehicle to apply your NCD.

    For example:

    • If you sell your existing vehicle and buy another one, you can transfer the NCD from the existing vehicle to the newly purchased vehicle.
    • If you retain your existing vehicle and buy another one, you can choose to transfer the NCD from the existing vehicle to the newly purchased vehicle. Your existing vehicle will have to earn the NCD from 0%.
    • Alternatively, you can choose to keep the NCD with your existing vehicle and start earning the NCD for the newly purchased vehicle.

  • Q:How will my NCD be affected if I make a claim?

    A:

    Please refer to the table below.

  • Q:How do I reinstate my NCD when my claim against the other party is successful and finalised by my previous insurer?

    A:

    You will need to liaise with your previous insurer, and get them to update the GIA records. Please inform us once this is done.

  • Q:What if I declare a higher / lower NCD wrongly?

    A:

    We will verify with your previous insurer and adjust the NCD accordingly.

    If you declare a higher NCD, you will need to pay us the difference in premium.

    If you declare a lower NCD, we will refund you the difference in premium.

  • Q:What is the penalty if I fail to make a report of an accident to my insurance company?

    A:

     We may repudiate the liability for the accident in view of a breach in policy conditions. Your NCD will be further reduced by one level on top of any NCD reduction resulting from the claim made under your car insurance policy. See table below.

  • Q:What can I do to retain my NCD for my next policy renewal if I have a minor accident?

    A:

    You can choose to have a private settlement with the other party if it is a minor accident and there is no injury to any party.

    When opting for private settlement, please ensure both parties duly complete and sign the private settlement form.

    Alternatively, you can opt to reimburse the claim amount that we have settled. Either options will allow you to retain your NCD for the next policy renewal.

  • Q:How long will my NCD remain valid after I stop owning a car?

    A:

    Your NCD will remain valid for 24 months from the end date of your last policy.

  • Q:I am the policyholder and Primary driver for my car insurance policy. Can I transfer my NCD to one of my Named drivers under my policy so that he / she can enjoy a lower premium?

    A:

    No, NCD is not transferrable to another person except to your spouse, provided your spouse is taking a new car insurance policy with Income.

    This is a one-time transfer and is non reversible. After the transfer, the NCD for your existing car insurance policy will become 0%. 

    Click here to download the Transfer No Claim Discount form.

    Income reserves the rights to review this exception from time to time.

  • Q:I am the registered owner of the car but do not have a driving license. My Primary Driver wishes to buy a car under his/ her name. Can I transfer the NCD to him / her?

    A:

    Yes, NCD is transferrable to your Primary driver provided he / she is taking the new car insurance policy with Income.

    This is a one-time transfer and is non reversible. After the transfer, the NCD for your existing car insurance policy will become 0%.
    Click here to download the Transfer No Claim Discount form.

  • Q:I am a foreigner working in Singapore. How can I transfer my NCD from the vehicle in my home country to the new vehicle I bought in Singapore?

    A:

    You need to provide the original letter from your motor insurer in your home country to us. The letter should state the number of accident-free years whilst you were insured with them.

    We will review and decide to accept / reject / grant the appropriate percentage of NCD. The maximum NCD we will grant is 50% for private car.

  • Q:I own multiple companies. The car registered under Company A is entitled to 20% NCD. Can I transfer the 20% NCD to the new car registered under Company B?

    A:

    No, NCD is not transferable between different entities.

  • Q:Can I transfer my commercial vehicle NCD to my private car?

    A:

    No, NCD is only transferrable within the same vehicle type.

  • Q:If my car insurance policy is in force, can I still withdraw my NCD?

    A:

    Yes. You can withdraw the NCD while your policy is still in force, subject to no claims made under your car insurance policy. You need to top up the difference in premium due to the NCD withdrawal.

    • Q:What is the first thing I have to do at the accident scene?

      A:

      Please remain calm and check that nobody is injured.

      If someone is injured, you will need to call the ambulance and police immediately. You must also not shift your vehicle.

      You may also call Income Orange Force at 6789 5000 for assistance.

    • Q:What are the actions I need to take at the accident scene?

      A:

      You should remember to take note on the following (if the traffic condition permits):

      • Take photos of the extent of the damage for all vehicles involved in the accident
      • Exchange particulars with all drivers involved in the accident
      • Take down the particulars of all injured persons, if possible, and note the extent of injuries

    • Q:Can I accept assistance from roadside towing services or workshops?

      A:

      You should not allow any tow truck who is not assigned by us to take over your car. If in doubt, please call Income hotline at 6788 6616 or Orange Force at 6789 5000.

    • Q:Why am I not allowed to accept assistance from such towing services or workshops?

      A:

      These workshops are not our partners and we have no control over the repair quality. If the repair is poorly done, we will not be able to help you.

      Furthermore, the claim cost may be inflated, resulting in higher premium in your next renewal.

    • Q:Can I request for towing service even though my policy is not under a Comprehensive coverage?

      A:

      Towing benefit is only available under Comprehensive coverage. However, we can help you to arrange for a tow truck upon request. You will have to pay the fee directly to the tow truck operator.

    • Q:What happens if the accident occurs outside Singapore?

      A:

      You should make a report at the nearest police station. If towing is required, you may call Income hotline at 6788 6616 for assistance. The towing benefit is capped to an amount shown in the policy contract. Once the vehicle reaches Singapore, it will be towed to the nearest reporting centre for you to file an accident report.

    • Q:Where can I send my vehicle for repair and submit the claim?

      A:

      You should always go to an Income Quality workshop. They can help you to file for either an Own Damage or Third Party claim and submit an accident report.

    • Q:Do I need to report to the police for all accidents?

      A:

      You will only need to report to the police when the accident involves government vehicle or property / foreign vehicle / pedestrian or cyclist / injury to anyone / hit-and-run accident. If the accident happened in Malaysia, you would need to file the police report in Malaysia.

    • Q:Where can I report the accident?

    • Q:What is the time frame for me to report the accident?

      A:

      You must complete your accident reporting by the end of the next working day of the accident.

    • Q:What happens if I exceed the time frame for accident reporting?

      A:

      Your NCD will be further reduced by one level on top of any NCD reduction resulting from the claim made under your car insurance policy. See table below.

    • Q:How long does it take to complete the accident reporting?

      A:

      It takes about 30 minutes to complete the accident reporting.

    • Q:Who must be present and what documents are required for the accident reporting?

      A:

      The driver involved in the accident must report personally, with a copy of the driving license and NRIC, and the certificate of insurance to any Accident Reporting Centre. The vehicle must also be made available for photo-taking at the time of reporting.

    • Q:Why is it important to make an accident report?

      A:

      The accident report will provide us with the necessary information to handle all claims made against you for the accident. Otherwise, you may have to handle and settle any claims on your own.

    • Q:If I have no intention of making any claim or my vehicle is not damaged, do I still have to report the accident?

      A:

      You should make a report for record purposes. If no claim is submitted against you, your report will not affect your No-Claim Discount or premium.

    • Q:What is a private settlement?

      A:

      A private settlement is a resolution of the accident amount the motorists without involving the insurers. The settlement could be one party paying the other or both parties agreeing not to claim from each other.

    • Q:What is the benefit of private settlement?

      A:

      You can maintain a clean claim record by opting for a Private Settlement with the other party when you have a minor accident. This would mean that you can continue to enjoy your current NCD and standard premium on your policy renewal.

    • Q:Under what circumstances should I opt for private settlement?

      A:

      You may wish to opt for private settlement in situations where there is no or minor damages (e.g. Repair cost estimated to be less than a few hundred dollars) to your vehicle and if there is no injury involved.

    • Q:What do I need to take note of when I opt for private settlement?

      A:

      You will need to ensure that the private settlement form is duly filled up and signed by both parties. If cash payment is involved for the settlement, the recipient has to acknowledge receipt of the amount. You will then need to submit this form to your insurer.

    • Q:What are my claim options if I am not at fault for the accident?

      A:

      You have the following options:

      • Claim from the party who is liable for the accident directly
      • Claim under your policy provided you have purchased a Comprehensive coverage

    • Q:Why do I have to claim under my policy if I am not at fault for the accident?

      A:

      The other party may make the report in his favour. As a result, you may not receive the full compensation for your claim. For such cases, you will need to pay for the difference.

      However, if you claim under your policy, you will get to enjoy the following benefits:

      • Immediate commencement of repair and you only need to pay the Excess¹
      • Enjoy 12 months of warranty on the repair by Income Quality workshop

      ¹ Excess is the amount the policyholder is required to contribute before they can make a claim.

    • Q:If my vehicle is repaired at Income Quality workshop instead of my preferred workshop, will the quality of the repair be compromised?

      A:

      No. we have stringent selection criteria for our Quality workshops. Our panel of Quality workshops provides high quality of repair and service to our customers as they follow strictly to the job scope that we provide for every repair. Furthermore, our Quality workshops provide a 12 months warranty on all repairs. Hence, you can be assured of the high quality of repair.

    • Q:Does Income Quality workshops use all new parts to repair my vehicle?

      A:

      The duty of an insurer is to reinstate / restore your damaged vehicle to its pre-accident condition. The workshops have to ensure that the quality of the repair is to your satisfaction and the repaired vehicle is fit to be driven on the road.

      This is the industry practice among all insurers.

      The parts used for repairs will depend on the age of the vehicle:

      • Less than three years old – We will use new genuine or Original Equipment Manufacturer parts
      • Over three years old – Workshop will have the right to decide to repair the damaged parts, use reconditioned, Original Equipment Manufacturer or new parts

    • Q:How long will Income Quality workshop take to repair my vehicle?

      A:

      The duration depends on the extent of damage and availability of parts.

    • Q:What do I need to pay if I claim under my policy?

      A:

      You are required to pay the Excess¹ (subject to prevailing GST) applicable under the policy.

      ¹ Excess is the amount the policyholder is required to contribute before they can make a claim.

    • Q:Is the Excess under the policy subject to GST?

      A:

      Yes, the Excess¹ is subject to prevailing GST.

      ¹ Excess is the amount the policyholder is required to contribute before they can make a claim.

    • Q:What is the Excess applicable if my car is driven by someone who is not named under my policy?

      A:

      Unnamed driver Excess1 in addition to the standard policy Excess will apply for Private usage vehicles under Comprehensive coverage.

      1 Excess is the amount the policyholder is required to contribute before they can make a claim.

    • Q:What is the benefit of using Income Quality workshops as compared to the other workshops available in the market?

      A:

      Income’s panel of Quality workshops is appointed through a series of stringent assessments. We will review the performance of these workshops annually for reappointment. In addition, Income’s panel of Quality workshops will provide 12 months warranty on the repair done.

      You can be assured that we have workshops with good workmanship and service attending to your damaged vehicle.

    • Q:How can I get an update on the progress of the repair?

      A:

      You can call your appointed Income Quality workshop to check on the progress.

    • Q:What happens if I have some issues with the repair?

      A:

      Income Quality workshops provide 12 months warranty for all repairs done. You can send your vehicle back to the same workshop and we will ensure that they will repair your vehicle to your satisfaction.

    • Q:Will Income Quality Workshop help me to claim against the third party?

      A:

      All Income Quality workshops will help you to file your claim against the third party. For cases where they are not confident in claiming against the third party, they may advise you to claim against your own policy instead (under comprehensive cover only).

    • Q:What will cause my NCD to be affected?

      A:

      Your NCD is affected by the following:

      • When you make a claim and we are unable to recover the claim cost from any party
      • When a third party makes a claim against you

    • Q:If I am not at fault for the accident but make an own damage claim, will my NCD be affected?

      A:

      Your NCD will not be affected if we can recover the claim amount from the other party. However, if the claim recovery is not successful, your NCD will be affected.

    • Q:How much of my NCD will be deducted after an accident?

      A:

      Please refer to the table below.

    • Q:What happens if I have more than one accident in a year?

      A:

      Your NCD will be reduced to 0%.

    • Q:What are some important information which I need to know if I wish to claim against a third party?

      A:

      You need to prove that the other party is liable for the accident before you can file a claim against him / her.

    • Q:Why do I need to pay the claim cost upfront?

      A:

      When the liability of the accident is not clearly determined, some workshops may not want to take the risk of financing the cost of repair.

      Some workshops may want you to settle the repair bill upon collection of your vehicle immediately after repair. Others may agree to finance it at the beginning and later want you to pay up when they encounter problems recovering the claim from the other insurer.

    • Q:Can I revert to claim under my policy if the Third Party claim against the other insurer is unsuccessful?

      A:

      When the accident is likely to be conflicting, we strongly encourage you to claim under your own policy. Once the claim is settled, we will recover the claim on your behalf from the party liable for the accident.

      If you proceed to attempt the Third Party claim first, you will breach our policy conditions and affect our position. In which case, we are unable to allow you to revert to claim under your policy.

    • Q:What is the pre-repair inspection requirement of the Non-Injury Motor Accidents (NIMA) Protocol?

      A:

      The Protocol requires the claimant to give the paying insurer an opportunity to inspect the vehicle before any repair is carried out. The insurer is to conduct the inspection within two days (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and Public Holidays), upon receiving the notification. More about NIMA protocol

    • Q:What will happen if one of the parties does not fulfil the requirement of the Protocol?

      A:

      The Court has the right to impose costs sanctions against the party in breach of the Protocol.

    • Q:Does this requirement delay the repair of the vehicle?

      A:

      If there is any delay in conducting the pre-repair inspection of the vehicle, the Court has the right to award compensation for the loss of use of the vehicle to the claimant.

    • Q:What is my role if the other party is claiming against me?

      A:

      Your role is to provide information regarding the accident scenario and verify the extent of damage to the other vehicle(s). We will decide on the payout of the claim.

    • Q:If I am not at fault for the accident, can you contest the claim for me?

      A:

      We will look at all the evidences available for us before we make a decision. If we are convinced you are not at fault, we will contest the claim.

    • Q:What happens if I insist to contest the claim against me?

      A:

      We are only able to help you if you are able to produce convincing evidence to us.

    • Q:If there is a Third Party claim against me, will I be updated on the status?

      A:

      We will inform you at two stages:

      • Immediately on receipt of the notification of claim from the third party
      • Upon reaching a decision to settle the Third Party claim

    • Q:What is the procedure for making a theft claim?

      A:

      You will need to lodge a police report and submit the theft report to us at any Income branch by the next working day.

    • Q:How soon will the theft claim be settled?

      A:

      The police will need three months to complete their investigation. We will only pay out the claim after the investigation is completed.

    • Q:How is the payout amount for the theft claim derived?

      A:

      We will pay you the market value of your vehicle at the time of loss. We obtain the market value from various sources such as motor traders, surveyors, online motoring websites and newspaper advertisement.

    • Q:What happens if I am still servicing my car loan with a finance company?

      A:

      We will pay the full payout amount to your finance company and they will settle the difference with you, if any. Should there be a shortfall, you will need to settle the shortfall with the finance company.

    • Q:When will a vehicle claim be settled on “Total Loss” basis?

      A:

      If the repair cost exceeds the Economical Repair Value, we will settle the claim on “Total Loss” basis. The Economical Repair Value is the market value less Preferential Additional Registration Fee (PARF) & Certificate of Entitlement (COE) rebate.

    • Q:How do you obtain the market value of the vehicle?

      A:

      We obtain the market value from various sources such as motor traders, surveyors, online motoring websites and newspaper advertisement.

    • Q:How do I know if your market value is fair?

      A:

      We will ensure that the market value offered to you will enable you to purchase a similar car from the resale market.

      What can I claim from a motor accident?

      A person in a motor accident can claim for damages and costs..
      Medical fees..
      Transport costs..
      Repair costs..
      Substitute vehicle rental costs..
      Loss of salary..
      CPF savings contributions before the trial..
      Survey fee..
      LTA fee..

      How to claim insurance for car accident in Singapore?

      THREE STEPS TO TAKE AFTER A CAR ACCIDENT.
      a) Exchange Particulars of Parties Involved in the Accident and take note of the vehicle numbers. ... .
      Call Your Insurer's Hotline for a Tow-Truck or further advice on the accident..
      Report the accident to your Insurer within 24 Hours or by the next working day..

      What is an example of a third

      A third-party insurance claim is claim filed with someone else's insurance company. For example, if a drunk driver runs a red light and collides with your vehicle, you would likely file a claim with the drunk driver's insurance company. This would be a third-party claim.

      What is insurance claim accounting?

      An insurance claim is a formal request by a policyholder to an insurance company for coverage or compensation for a covered loss or policy event. The insurance company validates the claim and, once approved, issues payment to the insured or an approved interested party on behalf of the insured.